Optimal. Leaf size=244 \[ -\frac{1}{6} \log \left (1-x^{2/3}\right )+\frac{1}{12} \log \left (x^{4/3}+x^{2/3}+1\right )-\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x^{2/3}+1}{\sqrt{3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \log \left (x^{4/3}+2 x^{2/3} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )+1\right )+\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \log \left (x^{4/3}-2 x^{2/3} \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )+1\right )-\frac{1}{6} \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right ) \log \left (x^{4/3}-2 x^{2/3} \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )+1\right )+\frac{1}{3} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\csc \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \left (x^{2/3}-\cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\right )\right )+\frac{1}{3} \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\sec \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right ) \left (x^{2/3}-\sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right )\right )-\frac{1}{3} \sin \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\csc \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \left (x^{2/3}+\cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )\right )\right ) \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A] time = 0.304326, antiderivative size = 244, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 8, integrand size = 15, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.533, Rules used = {329, 275, 294, 634, 618, 204, 628, 31} \[ -\frac{1}{6} \log \left (1-x^{2/3}\right )+\frac{1}{12} \log \left (x^{4/3}+x^{2/3}+1\right )-\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x^{2/3}+1}{\sqrt{3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \log \left (x^{4/3}+2 x^{2/3} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )+1\right )+\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \log \left (x^{4/3}-2 x^{2/3} \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )+1\right )-\frac{1}{6} \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right ) \log \left (x^{4/3}-2 x^{2/3} \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )+1\right )+\frac{1}{3} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\csc \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \left (x^{2/3}-\cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\right )\right )+\frac{1}{3} \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\sec \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right ) \left (x^{2/3}-\sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right )\right )-\frac{1}{3} \sin \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\csc \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \left (x^{2/3}+\cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )\right )\right ) \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 329
Rule 275
Rule 294
Rule 634
Rule 618
Rule 204
Rule 628
Rule 31
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{\sqrt [3]{x}}{1-x^6} \, dx &=3 \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{x^3}{1-x^{18}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [3]{x}\right )\\ &=\frac{3}{2} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{x}{1-x^9} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )\\ &=\frac{1}{6} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{1-x} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )-\frac{1}{3} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{\frac{1}{2}-\frac{x}{2}}{1+x+x^2} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )-\frac{1}{3} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{\cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )+x \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )}{1+x^2+2 x \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )-\frac{1}{3} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{-x \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )-\sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )}{1+x^2-2 x \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )-\frac{1}{3} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{-\cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )+x \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )}{1+x^2-2 x \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )\\ &=-\frac{1}{6} \log \left (1-x^{2/3}\right )+\frac{1}{12} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1+2 x}{1+x+x^2} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )-\frac{1}{4} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{1+x+x^2} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )+\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{2 x-2 \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )}{1+x^2-2 x \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )-\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{2 x+2 \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )}{1+x^2+2 x \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )+\frac{1}{3} \left (\cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \left (1-\sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{1+x^2-2 x \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )-\frac{1}{6} \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{2 x-2 \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )}{1+x^2-2 x \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )+\frac{1}{3} \left (\left (1+\cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )\right ) \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{1+x^2-2 x \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )-\frac{1}{3} \left (\sin \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \sin \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{1+x^2+2 x \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )\\ &=-\frac{1}{6} \log \left (1-x^{2/3}\right )+\frac{1}{12} \log \left (1+x^{2/3}+x^{4/3}\right )-\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \log \left (1+x^{4/3}+2 x^{2/3} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )\right )+\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \log \left (1+x^{4/3}-2 x^{2/3} \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right )-\frac{1}{6} \log \left (1+x^{4/3}-2 x^{2/3} \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\right ) \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )+\frac{1}{2} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-3-x^2} \, dx,x,1+2 x^{2/3}\right )-\frac{1}{3} \left (2 \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \left (1-\sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-x^2-4 \sin ^2\left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )} \, dx,x,2 x^{2/3}-2 \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\right )-\frac{1}{3} \left (2 \left (1+\cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )\right ) \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-x^2-4 \cos ^2\left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )} \, dx,x,2 x^{2/3}-2 \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right )+\frac{1}{3} \left (2 \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \sin \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-x^2-4 \sin ^2\left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )} \, dx,x,2 \left (x^{2/3}+\cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )\right )\right )\\ &=-\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{1+2 x^{2/3}}{\sqrt{3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{6} \log \left (1-x^{2/3}\right )+\frac{1}{12} \log \left (1+x^{2/3}+x^{4/3}\right )-\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \log \left (1+x^{4/3}+2 x^{2/3} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )\right )+\frac{1}{6} \cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right ) \log \left (1+x^{4/3}-2 x^{2/3} \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right )+\frac{1}{3} \tan ^{-1}\left (\left (x^{2/3}-\cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\right ) \csc \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\right ) \cot \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right ) \left (1-\sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right )-\frac{1}{6} \log \left (1+x^{4/3}-2 x^{2/3} \cos \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\right ) \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )+\frac{1}{3} \tan ^{-1}\left (\sec \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right ) \left (x^{2/3}-\sin \left (\frac{\pi }{18}\right )\right )\right ) \sin \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )-\frac{1}{3} \tan ^{-1}\left (\left (x^{2/3}+\cos \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )\right ) \csc \left (\frac{\pi }{9}\right )\right ) \sin \left (\frac{2 \pi }{9}\right )\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [C] time = 0.0060654, size = 20, normalized size = 0.08 \[ \frac{3}{4} x^{4/3} \, _2F_1\left (\frac{2}{9},1;\frac{11}{9};x^6\right ) \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maple [C] time = 0.023, size = 162, normalized size = 0.7 \begin{align*} -{\frac{1}{6}\ln \left ( -1+\sqrt [3]{x} \right ) }+{\frac{1}{12}\ln \left ({x}^{{\frac{2}{3}}}+\sqrt [3]{x}+1 \right ) }+{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\arctan \left ({\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3} \left ( 2\,\sqrt [3]{x}+1 \right ) } \right ) }-{\frac{1}{6}\sum _{{\it \_R}={\it RootOf} \left ({{\it \_Z}}^{6}+{{\it \_Z}}^{3}+1 \right ) }{\frac{-{{\it \_R}}^{3}+1}{2\,{{\it \_R}}^{5}+{{\it \_R}}^{2}}\ln \left ( \sqrt [3]{x}-{\it \_R} \right ) }}+{\frac{1}{6}\sum _{{\it \_R}={\it RootOf} \left ({{\it \_Z}}^{6}-{{\it \_Z}}^{3}+1 \right ) }{\frac{{{\it \_R}}^{3}+1}{2\,{{\it \_R}}^{5}-{{\it \_R}}^{2}}\ln \left ( \sqrt [3]{x}-{\it \_R} \right ) }}+{\frac{1}{12}\ln \left ({x}^{{\frac{2}{3}}}-\sqrt [3]{x}+1 \right ) }-{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\arctan \left ({\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3} \left ( 2\,\sqrt [3]{x}-1 \right ) } \right ) }-{\frac{1}{6}\ln \left ( \sqrt [3]{x}+1 \right ) } \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maxima [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \frac{1}{6} \, \sqrt{3} \arctan \left (\frac{1}{3} \, \sqrt{3}{\left (2 \, x^{\frac{1}{3}} + 1\right )}\right ) - \frac{1}{6} \, \sqrt{3} \arctan \left (\frac{1}{3} \, \sqrt{3}{\left (2 \, x^{\frac{1}{3}} - 1\right )}\right ) + \int \frac{x^{\frac{4}{3}} + 2 \, x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{6 \,{\left (x^{2} + x + 1\right )}}\,{d x} - \int \frac{x^{\frac{4}{3}} - 2 \, x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{6 \,{\left (x^{2} - x + 1\right )}}\,{d x} + \frac{1}{12} \, \log \left (x^{\frac{2}{3}} + x^{\frac{1}{3}} + 1\right ) + \frac{1}{12} \, \log \left (x^{\frac{2}{3}} - x^{\frac{1}{3}} + 1\right ) - \frac{1}{6} \, \log \left (x^{\frac{1}{3}} + 1\right ) - \frac{1}{6} \, \log \left (x^{\frac{1}{3}} - 1\right ) \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fricas [B] time = 1.99812, size = 1872, normalized size = 7.67 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Sympy [F(-1)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Timed out} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Giac [A] time = 4.55058, size = 293, normalized size = 1.2 \begin{align*} \frac{2}{3} \, \arctan \left (\frac{x^{\frac{2}{3}} - \cos \left (\frac{4}{9} \, \pi \right )}{\sin \left (\frac{4}{9} \, \pi \right )}\right ) \cos \left (\frac{4}{9} \, \pi \right ) \sin \left (\frac{4}{9} \, \pi \right ) + \frac{2}{3} \, \arctan \left (\frac{x^{\frac{2}{3}} - \cos \left (\frac{2}{9} \, \pi \right )}{\sin \left (\frac{2}{9} \, \pi \right )}\right ) \cos \left (\frac{2}{9} \, \pi \right ) \sin \left (\frac{2}{9} \, \pi \right ) - \frac{2}{3} \, \arctan \left (\frac{x^{\frac{2}{3}} + \cos \left (\frac{1}{9} \, \pi \right )}{\sin \left (\frac{1}{9} \, \pi \right )}\right ) \cos \left (\frac{1}{9} \, \pi \right ) \sin \left (\frac{1}{9} \, \pi \right ) - \frac{1}{6} \,{\left (\cos \left (\frac{4}{9} \, \pi \right )^{2} - \sin \left (\frac{4}{9} \, \pi \right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (-2 \, x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cos \left (\frac{4}{9} \, \pi \right ) + x^{\frac{4}{3}} + 1\right ) - \frac{1}{6} \,{\left (\cos \left (\frac{2}{9} \, \pi \right )^{2} - \sin \left (\frac{2}{9} \, \pi \right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (-2 \, x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cos \left (\frac{2}{9} \, \pi \right ) + x^{\frac{4}{3}} + 1\right ) - \frac{1}{6} \,{\left (\cos \left (\frac{1}{9} \, \pi \right )^{2} - \sin \left (\frac{1}{9} \, \pi \right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (2 \, x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cos \left (\frac{1}{9} \, \pi \right ) + x^{\frac{4}{3}} + 1\right ) - \frac{1}{6} \, \sqrt{3} \arctan \left (\frac{1}{3} \, \sqrt{3}{\left (2 \, x^{\frac{2}{3}} + 1\right )}\right ) + \frac{1}{12} \, \log \left (x^{\frac{4}{3}} + x^{\frac{2}{3}} + 1\right ) - \frac{1}{6} \, \log \left ({\left | x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 1 \right |}\right ) \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]